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“If the idea of the universe be presented to the child in the right way, it will do more for him that just arouse his interest, for it will create in him admiration and wonder, a feeling loftier that any interest more satisfying. It is only man that can and sometimes through wars and greed destroys his environment and jeopardises the balance of the world. Some animals are carnivores and they keep a check on the number of other animals so there won’t be too many for the forage or plant life available, and so the balance of nature is maintained with every living thing fulfilling its role. Plants supply the oxygen we and other animals need, but also take in the carbon dioxide we exhale and use it with sunlight and water to make starch for our foods, such as wheat, fruit and vegetables. Cosmic is the concept that the entire universe is working in a connected way, every element of nature performs its own task with the purpose of maintaining a balance in the universe. The word ‘Cosmic’ comes from the Greek word meaning order and harmony in the world. The Montessori ‘Cosmic approach’ to education is founded on the principal of giving the child the whole view of the universe. In knowing this, and providing information about culture at this time, the past and present of history, biology, science and geography through imaginative thinking can give the child of 3-6 years his sense of belonging and his understanding of his place in the world.
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It is the capacity of the child’s imagination that can encompass new information and ideas. The child during the years of 3-6 has a mind different to that of the adult and especially in the way he/she can absorb information completely. At the heart of Montessori’s method of education, was to start the child on his journey of becoming an adult and fulfilling his potential to humanity, the child can only do this through a complete education of his environment around him. They all overlap and so it is under the Montessori method of education, the presentation of these materials incorporates this interdependence. While presenting the culture subjects we can see that there is an interrelationship and interdependence of all things between, history, biology, geography, and science. The Cultural subjects also embrace a multi-cultural inclusivity in the classroom by appreciating the contributions of different cultures to the intelligence of our society today. The child introduced to the culture subjects of History, Biology, Geography and Science from the age of 3 years will be able to benefit our society and civilisation in the future by presenting our position in the environment as one of responsibility and care. While others at the time thought Maria Montessori, an eccentric, with her thoughts and teachings of every human being having a purpose for the good of mankind, like the seed of a plant, or the work of the honey bee, her theory of ‘Cosmic Education’ was a new approach and again a theory ahead of its time for those that would listen. Montessori, felt that these ideas should be first sown in the child’s mind during the age of 3-6 years. Her passion was also to ensure the foundations of these subjects were introduced in the formative years. Maria Montessori stressed that the sensitive period for Cultural subjects, those of geography, history, biology and science is from 6-12 years.